A.I.

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Artificial Inteligence

Can computers be ‘intelligent’?

AI is about machines performing tasks normally requiring human intelligence

  • Visual perception, natural language processing, complex decision making (automated reasoning), artificial creativity, etc.
  • “AI is whatever hasn’t been done by computers yet” (Larry Tesler’s Theorem)
  • When AI solves a problem, it stops being considered AI and becomes part of everyday computing
  • So, in 1998, playing chess and optical character recognition were considered AI applications
  • Now, AI is more about autonomous robots and self-driving vehicles
  • In a few years time, these applications might not be considered AI anymore
  • AI is crossing into our everyday lives:
  • Face recognition, digital assistants, language translation and other applications on our mobile phones
  • New computer interfaces (e.g. non-invasive brain-machine interfaces)

Stages of AI

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

  • Also known as Weak AI
  • Machines can perform a narrow set of specific tasks (e.g. play chess, sustain a dialogue with a human, identify faces in a picture, etc.)
  • Machine learning can be based on rules (reactive AI) or examples (limited memory AI)
  • Today’s AI is ANI

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

  • Also known as Strong AI
  • Machines possess human-like abilities to think and make decisions (theory of mind AI, self-aware AI)
  • In AGI, machines will be able to keep on learning by experience and develop their intelligence, much like humans do (but, presumably, faster and deeper)

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

  • This is just a hypothesis at this stage: machines with AGI might one day reach a stage where they are collectively (much) smarter than humans
  • Singularity
Enterprise AI Companies – 2020

Sources:

https://topbots.com/
https://techreaserchonline.com/
https://muted.com/
https://rmit.edu.au/

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