
Silenceย is the absence of ambientย audibleย sound, the emission of sounds of such lowย intensityย that they do not draw attention to themselves, or the state of having ceased to produce sounds; this latter sense can be extended to apply to the cessation or absence of any form ofย communication, whether throughย speechย or other medium.
Sometimes speakers fall silent when they hesitate in searching for a word, or interrupt themselves before correcting themselves.
Discourse analysisย shows that people use brief silences to mark the boundaries ofย prosodic units, inย turn-taking, or as reactive tokens, e.g., as a sign of displeasure, disagreement, embarrassment, desire to think, confusion, and the like.
Relatively prolonged intervals of silence can be used inย rituals; in some religious disciplines, people maintain silence for protracted periods, or even for the rest of their lives, as an ascetic means of spiritual transformation.
Joseph Jordaniaย has suggested that inย social animalsย (includingย humans), silence can be a sign of danger.
Many social animals produce seemingly haphazard sounds which are known asย contact calls. These are a mixture of various sounds, accompanying the group’s everyday business (for example, foraging,ย feeding), and they are used to maintainย audioย contact with the members of the group.
Some social animal species communicate the signal of potential danger by stopping contact calls and freezing, without the use ofย alarm calls, through silence.
Charles Darwinย wrote about this in relation with wild horse and cattle.ย Jordania has further suggested that humanย hummingย could have been a contact method that early humans used to avoid silence. According to his suggestion, humans find prolonged silence distressing (suggesting danger to them).
This may help explain why lone humans in relative sonic isolation feel a sense of comfort from humming, whistling, talking to themselves, or having the TV or radio on.
See Also:
- Anechoic chamber
- Awkward silence
- Background noise
- Blue Code of Silence
- Dead air
- List of silent musical compositions
- Murke’s Collected Silences
- Muteness
- Noble Silence
- Omertร
- Radio silence
- Retreat
- Silencer (disambiguation)
- Silent film
- Silent letter
- Spiral of silence
- Shunning
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